Digital Mammography
Digital mammography differs from conventional film mammography in the way breast images are captured, viewed, and enhanced. Screening and diagnostic mammography—commonly known as a mammogram—is an X-ray exam of the breast used to detect and diagnose breast disease. Most mammograms are performed as routine screening exams to help identify breast cancer long before symptoms appear. While most breast conditions are benign, early detection significantly improves treatment outcomes.
If you or your healthcare provider detect a lump or notice a change in your breast, a diagnostic mammogram can help evaluate the area of concern and identify additional findings that may not yet be felt. Mammography remains one of the most accurate imaging technologies available for early detection when no symptoms are present.
Digital Mammography Overview
Radiologists can magnify images, adjust contrast, and even invert black-and-white values to better evaluate microcalcifications and other subtle findings. These tools help focus attention on areas that may require closer examination.
To support early detection, Capitol Imaging Services uses digital Computer-Aided Detection (CAD). CAD highlights features commonly associated with breast cancer and provides a second set of eyes for the radiologist. Studies show that CAD can increase detection rates and help identify abnormalities earlier than traditional methods alone.
From a patient perspective, digital mammography feels identical to a conventional mammogram, though many women notice shorter exam times and fewer callbacks for additional images.
Screening Mammography
Screening Recommendations
Guidelines from national health organizations, including the American Cancer Society, note the following:
- Women age 40 and older: Annual screening mammograms and yearly clinical breast exams
- Women ages 20–39: Clinical breast exam every three years, with monthly self-awareness encouraged
- Women at higher risk: Those with personal or strong family histories of breast cancer or known genetic factors may require earlier and more frequent screening
Your healthcare provider can help determine the screening schedule that is appropriate for you.
Mammography can detect changes in the breast up to two years before they can be felt, making it a central component of early detection strategies.
Diagnostic Mammography
A diagnostic mammogram is used when there is a specific breast concern such as a lump, nipple discharge, breast pain, or an abnormal finding on a screening mammogram.
During a diagnostic exam, additional views may be taken to closely evaluate an area of concern. Spot compression, magnification views, or supplemental imaging such as breast ultrasound or breast MRI may be recommended depending on the finding.
Possible Outcomes
A diagnostic mammogram may:
- Show that an abnormality seen on a screening mammogram is actually normal
- Suggest that an area is probably benign but should be re-evaluated in 4–6 months
- Indicate that a biopsy is recommended for further evaluation
A biopsy recommendation does not mean cancer is present; it simply means more information is needed for an accurate diagnosis.
